Rule 11.1. Parties not represented by an attorney: Signing, certification, and verification
Effective August 1, 2026
(A) Scope.
This rule applies to all pleadings, motions, and other submissions to the court by parties not represented by an attorney, including without limitation those prepared with the assistance of artificial intelligence, the internet, or other resources.
(B) Signing.
A party not represented by an attorney who files a pleading, motion, or other submission must sign it and provide the party’s mailing address, telephone number, and email address, if available, except to the extent the information is protected from public access under the Rules on Access to Court Records or is permitted to be withheld or replaced by a public mailing address under these rules.
(C) Certification.
The signature certifies that the signer has read the pleading, motion, or other submission; that to the best of the signer’s knowledge, information, and belief, the factual contentions have evidentiary support or, if specifically so identified, will likely have evidentiary support after a reasonable opportunity for investigation or discovery, and denials of factual contentions are warranted on the evidence or reasonably based on belief or lack of information; that the claims, defenses, and other legal contentions are warranted by existing law or a nonfrivolous argument for extending, modifying, or reversing existing law or for establishing new law; that any cited legal authority is authentic; and that it is not presented to delay or harass.
(D) Noncompliant filings.
A court may strike any filing not in compliance with this rule. The court may take similar action on any redundant, immaterial, impertinent, or scandalous matter.
(E) Other requirements.
Rules 11(D) and 11(E) apply to parties not represented by an attorney.